Determination of some trace elements in hair dye samples available in Libyan markets by induction plasma emission spectroscopy

Abstract

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration defines products cosmetics (hair dyes) like “goods that are used on our bodies to change hair color, remove gray hair, improve attractiveness, or change appearance.” This includes a large number of hair dyes that have become a part of the routine life modern, especially in women. These products usually consist of a mixture of chemical components derived from natural and synthetic sources that are not without traces of the presence of toxic elements (trace elements) resulting from a mixture of the same components or environmental pollution. These substances, due to their forced use, may be carcinogenic, mutagenic or mineral components that may adversely affect human health. Due to the lack of extensive and sufficient studies on this subject, so this research focused to determine the concentrations of some trace elements in some hair dyes imported and locally manufactured in the Libyan markets. Collected 23 samples of Henna and hair dyes from 11 brands, 6 brands of chemical hair dyes consist of 3 colors, 1 brand of hair bleach and 4 brands of Henna dyes, we applied the normal digestion method, weighed 1.0 g of each sample of hair dye and 0.5 grams of each sample of Henna. The samples were mixed with highly concentrated acids putted it on a hot plate until getting the digested and the acidic solutions were filtrated and Samples were dilute with deionized water. Concentration of Iron, Lead, Cobalt, Cadmium, Chromium, stannium, Magnesium, Potassium and Arsenic in hair dyes using an was measured by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The results showed that the concentration of trace elements was (<0.001-0.07 mg L-1), (0.53-95.9 mg L-1), (71.4-0.09 mg L-1), (62.2-0.07 mg L-1) and (1.28-0.15 mg L-1) for Cr, K, Mg, Fe and Sn respectively, While the concentrations of the remaining elements of Co, Cd, Pb and as the results were less than the detection limit. The standard deviation of the samples was (12.423, 0.0157, 30.791, 23.489, 0.344, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000) for Fe, Cr, K, Mg, Sn, Co, Cd, Pb and As. also for the physical analyzes (conductivity, pH, TDS and salinity) found that some values exceeded the normal limit for permissible aqueous solutions it globally as for the Libyan product (Rajhi Henna) the results did not show any significant difference between it and other non-local products.